Assignment: paper no 5

Assignment of paper no 5: Difference between Classicism and Romanticism

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Name: Rudrika Gohel

Course: M.A. English

Sem: 2

Batch: 2017-2019

Roll No: 31

Enrollment No: 2069108420180015

Submitted to: Smt.S.B.Gardi Department of English MKBU

Email Id: rudrikagohel97@gmail.com

Paper No: 5

Topic: Difference between Classicism and Romanticism

Introduction:-

                       
Classicisms and Romanticists differed in their views of nature. Classicism was based on the idea that nature and human nature could be understood by reason and thought. On the other hand, Romanticists viewed nature as mysterious and ever changing.

Classicist believed that “nature was, a self-contained machine, like a watch, whose laws of operation could be rationally understood.” 
Romantic writes believed that nature is an ever changing living organism, whose laws we will never fully understand. 

Definitions:-

Classicism:-

                         An attitude to language and literature found in many ages and cultures. In the West, it is based on respect for and often veneration of, the models and achievements of Greece and Rome.
                  
➤ The Classical prevailes in all provinces of thoughts, it is believe in reality, leaving little of validity to emotion.

   Classicism believes that reason is the dominating characteristics of both nature and human.

Romanticism:-

                         A literary, artistic, musical, philosophical, and social movement that occurred as a reaction to the overly structured enlightenment.
                         
➤ A mediaeval tale of poem, treating heroic personages or  events written in one of the romance languages.

      Romanticism believes that imagination gives expression to that which mark each person's unique being.

    Romanticism and Classicism both are very different poles within literary movmentm. 

➧Classicism:- 

the classical period was home to the great works of ancient Greece and Rome. You'll sometimes see the words Greco-Roman or antiquity used to refer to this millennia-old period. The classical period was a golden age for literature and the arts. The distinctive symptoms of Classicisms are believe in reason: emphasis on the civilized, modern and sophisticated modes of life; interest in urban society; preoccupation with human nature; love for mundane actuality; satirical tendency; expression of accepted moral truth; realistic recognition of things as they are; belief in good and evil; acceptance of established religious and philosophic creeds; attachment to normal, generic abstraction; impersonal objectivity; interest in public themes; emphasis on formal correctness, and the ideal of order; popularity of poetry of prose statement; use of formal poetic diction; self—conscious traditionalism; and rational sobriety of Latin literature. 

If we talked about classical writers were the Roman and they used to write epics like Homer's lliad and Odyssey, Virgil's Aeneid.  Classicism is a force which is often present in post-medieval European and European influenced traditions. however, some periods felt themselves more connected to the classical ideals than others, particularly the age of enlightenment. In this period, classicism took on more overtly structural overtones of orderliness, predictability, the use of geometry and grids, the importance of rigorous discipline and pedagogy, as well as the formation of schools of art and music. The Classicism refers to the style, rules, conventions and modes of the classical authors, and their influence upon the works of later authors.


The first revival of revival of classicism is " Cosimo de' Medici" gatherd a circle of humanist who collected, studied, expounded, and imitated the classics. The most obvious connection to classical ideals in the colonies is the concept of patriotism since the American Revolution occurred during this time.  Classicism values traditional forms and structures. According to legend, the Roman poet Virgil left orders for his masterpiece The Aeneid to be burned at his death, because a few of its lines were still metrically imperfect. This rather extreme example demonstrates the importance placed on excellence in formal execution.



➧Romanticism:-

Romanticism was an artistic and intellectual movement that ran from the late eighteenth century through the nineteenth century. And it also  emerged as a reaction against Neoclassicism It stressed strong emotion as a source of aesthetic experience, placing emphasis on such emotions as trepidation, horror, and the awe experienced in confronting the sublimity of nature. French revolution influence the romantic era. Romanticism elevated the achievements of what it perceived as misunderstood heroic individuals and artists that altered society, and legitimized the individual imagination as a critical authority which permitted freedom from classical notions of form in art.
Romantic literature as depicts emotional metter  in imaginative form in literature. Or subject can be about the common man and give importance to individuality.

Romanticism use the symbols of nature. There are more spontaneity, feeling, wonder etc...

Romanticism can be understood as a pursuit for the value of beauty on the part of humans because they have the faculty of emotion. The Romantic period wanted to break away from the traditions and conventions that were dear to the Neoclassical age and make way for individuality and experimentation. 

Romanticisms are believe in feelings, imagination, Intuition, Primitive, Medieval, natural modes, rural solitude, aesthetic, spiritual, value of external nature, love for vision, mysteriousness, idea, infinite, myth-making, beauty, truth, faith in progress, belief in man and goodness, individual speculation, revelation, concrete particulars, subjectivity, private themes, individual expressiveness, intensity, curiosity, images, symbols, common language, self-consciousness, romantic Hellenism.

Some examples of romanticism:-

The publication "Lyrical Ballads" by Wordsworth and Coleridge.

The composition "Hymns to the Night" by Novalis.

Poetry by William Blake.

➨Difference between Classicism and Romanticism:

Classicism and Romanticism both have many differences in the style, structure and the mood.  Both had many different reflections and effects on the society that have adopted it and taken notice of it and they both had different ways of expressing their art and they have reflected their societies through society's negative or positive events that occurred during their eras and translated those events into the music that the writers wrote.

On the other words we can say that, Classicists and Romanticists differed in their views of nature. Classicism was based on the idea that nature and human nature could be understood by reason and thought, both the school of thoughts sees the nature in different ways, Classicist believed that “nature was, a self-contained machine, like a watch, whose laws of operation could be rationally understood.” Romanticists viewed nature as mysterious and ever changing. 

They applied their theories in different manner: reason and imagination. Classicism attached much more importance to reason than imagination. And Romanticism however believes thatreason was not the only path to truth.

Romanticism emerged as a response to Classicism.  Classicism stressed on reason. Romanticism on imagination.

Classicism follow the three unities of time , place and action. Romanticism only follows the unity of action, but does not follow the unities of time, place.

Romanticism uses simple diction of common men from their everyday life. Classicism uses strict, rigid and logical diction and theme.


Classicists thought of the world as having a rigid and stern structure, the romanticists thought of the world as a place to express their ideas and believes.


Classicism and Romanticism are artistic movements that have influenced the literature, visual art, music, and architecture of the Western world over many centuries.

Romanticism threw out the history books of the Classicists and each artist was called upon to present his own unique vision of life. The Classicists also had a canonized view of a “hierarchy” of subject-matter. Their illustrations, or “history” paintings as they called them, were the grandest.

Romanticism artists and Classicism artists differed their works in their views of nature. 
The Romantic Movement favors subjective, macabre, fantastic, and transcendental subject matter, while the Classical stance favors objectivity and rationality. 
Classicists considered of the world as having a rigid and stern structure, the romanticists considered of the world as a place to express their ideas and believe. Romanticism allows the artists to free their unlimited expressions in their works.

These differences can be seen in the subject-matter of the respective schools.

Conclusion:-

Thus, The Romanticism and Classicism are two contrasting movements that have had major influential effects on human culture.  The way in which we think can even be defined as either Romantic or Classical. Those who think rationally and logically are generally considered Classic-minded. And People who do things more impulsively, however, are more Romantic-minded.

Work cited:-

http://www.123helpme.com/view.asp?id=13384